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1993-05-10
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COURIER HST
APPENDIX B
SUMMARIES AND TABLES
CONTENTS
B-1 The RS-232C Interface, with Pin Definitions
B-2 Front End Indicators
B-3 DIP Switch Summary
B-4 Default Settings
B-5 S-Register Summary
B-6 ASCII Chart
B-1
COURIER HST
APPENDIX B-1
THE RS-232C INTERFACE, WITH PIN DEFINITIONS
DESCRIPTION
The RS-232C interface (often referred to without the C) is a
standard developed by the Electronic Industries Association
(EIA). It defines the signals and voltages used when data is
exchanged between a computer or terminal and a modem or serial
printer. Data is transmitted between the devices via a cable
with 25-pin, 9-pin or custom-built connectors.
PIN ASSIGNMENTS
The entire standard covers many more functions than are used in
most data communications applications. Pin assignments are
factory set in the Courier 2400e to match the standard DB-25
assignments in the following table. DB-9 connectors at the
computer/terminal end of the cable should be wired to reflect the
pin assingments in the DB-9 column.
RS-232C INTERFACE PIN DEFINITIONS
DB-25 DB-9 Circuit Function Signal Flow
2 3 BA Transmitted Data Terminal ® Modem
3 2 BB Received Data Terminal ¬ Modem
4 7 CA Request to Send Terminal ® Modem
5 8 CB Clear to Send Terminal ¬ Modem
6 6 CC Data Set Ready Terminal ¬ Modem
7 5 AB Signal Ground Terminal « Modem
8 1 CF Carrier Detect Terminal ¬ Modem
12 -- SCF Speed Indicate Terminal ¬ Modem
20 4 CD Data Terminal Ready Terminal ® Modem
22 9 CE Ring Indicate Terminal ¬ Modem
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Some computer/terminal equipment supports only a few of the RS-
232C signal functions set in the Courier. The minimum required
for the modem to operate are as follows:
DB-25 DB-9
Pin Pin Function
2 3 Transmitted Data
3 2 Received Data
7 5 Signal Ground
20 4 Data Terminal Ready*
B-2
COURIER HST
* Required only if you have set the Data Terminal Ready (DTR)
Override switch (DIP switch 1) OFF (UP).
If your computer and software support Clear to Send and you wish
to use Transmit Data hardware flow control (&H1), Pin 5 (DB-25)
or Pin 8 (DB-9) is required. If your computer and software
support Request to Send and you wish to use Received Data
hardware flow control (&R2), Pin 4 (DB-25) or Pin 7 (DB-9) is
required.
B-3
COURIER HST
APPENDIX B-2
FRONT END INDICATORS
Symbol Meaning Status
HS High Speed 9600-bps calls only: ON during call
progress, after completion of dialing;
OFF during link negotiations at 2400
bps; ON during connection. Remains ON
after disconnect until next call is
originated or answered.
AA Auto Answer/ Answer Mode only: ON when
your modem is Answer in Auto Answer Mode,
and when answering a call; goes
OFF if the channel is rever
sed and your modem transmits at
450 bps. Also goes off when the modem
originates a call.
CD Carrier Detect ON when the CD override (DIP switch 6)
is ON (DOWN). ON if DIP switch 6 is UP
and the Courier receives a valid data
signal (carrier) from a remote modem,
indicating that data transmission is
possible.
OH Off Hook ON when the Courier takes control of the
phone line to establish a data link.
RD Received Data Flashes when a data bit is received by
the Courier from the phone line, or when
the modem is sending result codes to the
terminal or computer.
SD Send Data Flashes when a data bit is sent to the
Courier by the terminal or computer.
TR Terminal Ready ON when the DTR override (DIP switch 1)
is ON (DOWN). ON if DIP switch 1 is UP
and the modem receives a Data Terminal
Ready signal from the terminal or
computer via the RS-232C interface.
MR Modem Ready/ ON when the Courier is powered
on. Power Flashes when the
modems retrain, inclu
ding online fallback to 7200 or
4800 bps.
B-4
COURIER HST
RS Request to ON when the Courier is powered on if
Send your computer supports RTS on the RS-
232C interface. OFF if the Courier is
set to &R2 (Received Data hardware flow
control) and the computer lowers RTS.
CS Clear to Send ON until the modem lowers CTS on the RS-
232C interface when Transmit Data
hardware flow control is enabled (&H1,
&H3).
ARQ Error Control Automatic Repeat Request. ON when the
Courier is set to &M4 or &M5 and
successfully connects with another modem
under error control.
AL Analog ON when the modem is in Analog Loopback
Loopback Self-Test Mode.
B-5
COURIER HST
APPENDIX B-3
DIP SWITCH SUMMARY
PURPOSE
The Courier's DIP switches, located at the rear of the modem, are
for adapting the modem to your equipment and personal
requirements. You may also want to experiment and review your
computer or terminal documentation as necessary.
Some users are able to move a single switch with a finger tip.
If this doesn't work for you, use a toothpick or other small
instrument.
OPERATIONS
The DIP switch settings are power-on defaults, read by the
Courier when it is turned on. If changed when the modem is on,
switches 2-5 and 9 require the ATZ (software reset) command to
initiate the new settings. The remaining (hardware) switches are
automatically operative when set UP or DOWN.
DIP SWITCHES: UP = OFF (OPEN), DOWN = ON (CLOSED)
Factory
Switch Setting Function
1 DOWN Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Operations
UP Normal DTR operations; computer must
provide DTR signal for modem to accept
commands; dropping DTR terminates a call
DOWN DTR always ON (Override)
2 UP Verbal/Numeric Result Codes
UP Verbal (word) messages
DOWN Numeric codes
3 DOWN Result Code Display
UP Quiet Mode, no display
DOWN Result codes displayed
4 UP Command Mode Local Echo
UP Keyboard commands displayed
DOWN Display of commands suppressed
5 DOWN Auto Answer
UP Modem answers on first ring
DOWN Auto Answer suppressed
B-6
COURIER HST
6 DOWN Carrier Detect (CD) Operations
UP Courier sends CD signal when it connects
with another modem, drops CD on
disconnect
DOWN CD always ON (Override)
7 UP Single/Multiple Phone Installation
UP Single phone line connection (RJ11 jack)
DOWN Multiple phone installations (RJ12 or
RJ13 jack); shorts A/A1 to notify other
devices when modem goes off hook and
line is busy
8 DOWN Command Set Recognition
UP Rrecognition disabled (Dumb Mode)
DOWN Recognition enabled (Smart Mode)
9 DOWN Escape Code (+++) Response
UP Modem hangs up, returns to Command Mode,
sends NO CARRIER result
DOWN Modem maintains connection, returns to
Command Mode, sends OK result
10 UP Power-on and ATZ Reset Software Defaults
UP Load from NRAM
DOWN Load factory settings from ROM
Quad UP RS-232C Transmitted/Received Data Pin
Switch Assignments
UP Normal assignments: see Appendix B-1
DOWN Reverse assignments
The need to change this setting is rare.
Carefully review your computer or terminal
documentation before turning this switch ON.
B-7
COURIER HST
APPENDIX B-4
DEFAULT SETTINGS
USER-PROGRAMMABLE DEFAULTS
You can create your own default configuration and store it in
nonvolatile random access memory (NRAM) using the &W command
described in Chapter 5. Your defaults are then loaded into
random access memory (RAM) as long as DIP switch 10 is UP when
you power on the modem. To view your NRAM settings at any time,
use the ATI5 command.
The following table lists the options stored in NRAM. If DIP
switch 10 is DOWN at power on, the factory settings listed in the
table are loaded instead. The first time the modem is turned on,
the NRAM settings are the same as the factory settings.
B-8
COURIER HST
NRAM Options Factory Setting
Normal/error control modes &M4 Normal/ARQ
Data compression &K1 Auto enable/disable
Error-control result codes &A1 Enabled
Transmit data flow control &H0 Disabled
Received data software flow control&I0 Disabled
Received data hardware flow control&R1 Ignore RTS
DTE rate select &B0 Follow connection rate
Link rate select &N0 Variable link operations
Data Set Ready (DSR) signal &S0 Override
Stored telephone number &Z0-3=0 Blank
Tone/Pulse dialing P Pulse dial
Online local echo F1 Echo OFF
Speaker control M1 ON during dial through
connect
Result code sets X1 Extended
Pulse dial make/break ratio &P0 N. American
U.S./CCITT answer tone B1 N. American
Guard tone &G0
Break handling &Y1 Clear buffer, send Break
immediately
Word length 7*
Parity 1* Even parity
*Detected from AT command; determined by terminal/software
setting.
NRAM S-Register Option Factory Setting
Escape code character, ASCII decimal S2=43
Carriage Return character, ASCII decimal S3=13
Line Feed character, ASCII decimal S4=10
Backspace character, ASCII decimal S5=8
Dial wait-time, sec. S6=2
Carrier wait-time, sec. S7=30
Dial pause/re-execute time, sec. S8=2
Carrier Detect time, 1/10th sec. S9=6
Carrier loss wait-time, 1/10th sec. S10=7
Touch-Tone duration, spacing, msec. S11=70
Escape code guard time, 1/50th sec. S12=50
Bit-mapped functions, S-Register 13 S13=0
Bit-mapped functions, S-Register 15 S15=0
Inactivity/hang up timer, S-register 19 S19=0
B-9
COURIER HST
Received break length, 10-msec. units S21=10
XON character, ASCII decimal S22=17
XOFF character, ASCII decimal S23=19
B-10
COURIER HST
APPENDIX B-5
S-REGISTER SUMMARY
USAGE
The default values are those users typically require. Change the
settings with the ATSr=n command, where r is the register and n
is a decimal value from 0-255:
ATS13=8 <Enter>
The modem does not perform a value-range check. Some values may
not work with some equipment, and you'll have to readjust the
settings.
To display the contents of a register, use ATSr? as in this
example:
ATS20? <Enter>
Register Default Function
S0 See DIPSets the number of rings on which to answer
Switch 5 when in Auto
Answer Mode. Default = 1, equivalent of DIP switch 5 UP. S0=0
or DIP switch 5 DOWN (factory setting) suppresses Auto Answer.
S1 0 Counts and
stores the number of rings from an incoming call.
S2 43 Stores the ASCII decimal code for the escape
code character. Default character is "+". A value of 128-255
disables the escape code.
S3 13 Stores the ASCII decimal code for the
Carriage Return character.
S4 10 Stores the ASCII decimal code for the Line
Feed character.
S5 8 Stores the ASCII decimal code for the
Backspace character. A value of 128-255 disables the Backspace
key's delete function.
S6 2 Sets the number of seconds the modem waits
before dialing. If set to X2, X4, X6, or X7, the modem ignores
this register and dials as soon as it detects a dial tone (fast
dials).
B-11
COURIER HST
S7 30Sets the number of seconds the modem waits for a
carrier. May be set for much longer duration if, for example,
the modem is originating an international connection.
S8 2 Sets the duration, in seconds, for the pause
(,) option in the Dial command and the pause between command re-
executions (> and A> commands).
S9 6 Sets the required duration, in tenths of a
second, of the remote modem's carrier signal before recognition
by the Courier (Carrier Detect Time).
S10 7 Sets the duration, in tenths of a second,
that the modem waits after loss of carrier before hanging up.
S11 70Sets the duration and spacing, in milliseconds, of
dialed Touch-Tones.
S12 50Sets the duration, in fiftieths of a second, of the
guard time for the escape code sequence.
S13 0 Bit-mapped
register. Select the bit(s) you want on, and set S13 to the
total of the values in the Value column. For example, ATS13=20
enables bits 2 (value = 4) and 4 (value = 16).
Bit Value Result
0 1 Reset on dropping of DTR
1 2 Reverse normal Auto Answer
operation: on incoming RING,
enter Originate Mode and look for
Answer tone
2 4 Disable 250 msec. pause before
result code display
3 8 On DTR signal, Auto Dial number
stored in NRAM at position 0
4 16 At power on/reset, Auto Dial
number stored in NRAM at position
0
5 32 Reserved
6 64 Disable MNP Level 3 (used for
testing Level 2)
7 128 Watchdog hardware reset, same as
power on (used in factory
testing)
S14 Reserved.
S15 0 Bit-mapped
register. See instructions for S13, above.
B-12
COURIER HST
Bit Value Result
0 1 Disable the modem's extra high-
frequency equalization if it
causes problems on shorter-link
calls
1 2 Disable 7200/4800 bps online
fallback
2 4 Disable 450-bps back channel,
force 300-bps back channel
3 8 Reset non-ARQ mode Transmit
buffer from 1.5k bytes to 128
bytes*
4 16 Disable MNP Level 4;
retransmitting the larger Level 4
data blocks may be a problem if
you expect a great number of
errors during a call
5 32 Set Del key to act as Backspace
key; provided for specialized
applications. May cause software
incompatibility in standard
applications.
6 64 Some earlier 2400-bps MNP modems,
not made by USRobotics or
Microcom, were not fully
compatible with the MNP protocol.
If you have difficulty making a
successful 2400-bps MNP
connection with a remote MNP
modem, it may be because of this
incompatibility. Set S15 to 64
and try again to make the
connection.
7 128 Enable Interbridge network
compatibility
* The default 1.5k byte non-ARQ buffer allows
data transfer with X- and YMODEM-type file
transfer protocols without using error
control.
The 128-byte option allows remote users with
slower modems to stop data you're
transmitting from scrolling off their
screens. When remote users send your
computer an XOFF (Ctrl-S) and you stop
transmitting, the data in transit from your
modem's buffer doesn't exceed the size of
their screen.
B-13
COURIER HST
S16 0 Modem self-
test. See Appendix E-6 for test procedures.
0 Data Mode (no testing)
1 Analog Loopback
2 Dial Test
4 Test Pattern
5 Analog Loopback with Test Pattern
S17 0 Stores the
reason for a received ARQ Link Disconnect. May be requested by
Technical Support if you're having a problem connecting in ARQ
mode with another ARQ-mode modem. At ATS17?, the modem returns
one of the following codes.
1 Received data unit other than link
request
2 Incompatible protocol level (3, 2, 1)
3 Unknown parameters in link request
4 Remote modem retry timeout (Max. 12
tries)
5 Inactivity timeout (See S19)
6 Destination user not found
254 Peer protocol error
255 User-initiated disconnect
S18 Reserved.
S19 0 Sets the
duration, in minutes, for the Inactivity Timer. The timer is
activated when there is no activity on the phone line. At the
timeout the Courier hangs up.
S20 0 Stores the
reason for the NO CARRIER result code. At ATS20? the modem
returns one of the following codes:
0 Key press abort
1 DTR dropped
2 Escape code (+++) issued
3 Loss of Carrier
4 Inactivity timeout
5 Automatic hangup with ARQ
incompatibility (&M5 Mode)
6 ARQ Retry timeout (Max. 12 tries)
7 ARQ Received Link Disconnect (See S17)
S21 10 Sets, in 10-
millisecond units, the length of Breaks sent from the modem to
the local terminal.
B-14
COURIER HST
S22 17 Stores the
ASCII decimal code for the XON character.
S23 19 Stores the
ASCII decimal code for the XOFF character.
B-15
COURIER HST
APPENDIX B-6
ASCII CHART
B-16
